Bonding of rubber to rubber

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Release time:

Jun 29,2026

1. Bonding of unvulcanized rubber to unvulcanized rubber
Adhesion between unvulcanized rubbers is extremely common in the processing and manufacturing of rubber‑based adhesive products, where components are bonded or laminated to one another. Adhesion of unvulcanized rubbers typically relies on thermal bonding, as the rubber compounds generally exhibit superior adhesion when subjected to heat. During calendering and extrusion of semi‑finished products, thermal bonding can be used to join rubber components. When bonding at room temperature, it is necessary to apply a solvent to the surfaces of the rubber parts to remove surface contaminants and ensure effective adhesion. For rubber compounds with particularly poor adhesion, a suitable adhesive must be applied prior to bonding.
Generally, natural rubber exhibits good self-adhesion and is easy to mold and process. In contrast, synthetic rubbers—particularly non‑polar ones—have poor self‑adhesion and are difficult to bond; they must be appropriately modified, for example by introducing resin into the polymer chain or by adding polar resins to the compound, to enhance their bonding performance. When bonding two different types of rubber, if their polarity or degree of unsaturation differs significantly, a transitional intermediate adhesive layer is typically employed during the molding and lamination of the finished product to ensure satisfactory adhesion. For instance, when bonding unvulcanized butyl rubber to natural rubber, a blend of chlorinated butyl rubber and chloroprene rubber can serve as the transition layer. After vulcanization of this transition layer at 150°C, the peel strength of the bond between butyl rubber and natural rubber can reach 180–220 N/2.5 cm. Similarly, for bonding unvulcanized EPDM rubber to natural rubber, an appropriate transition adhesive layer is required.

2. Adhesion between unvulcanized rubber and vulcanized rubber
Adhesion between unvulcanized rubber and vulcanized rubber is a bonding technique commonly employed in tire retreading, bladder repair, and the manufacture of certain rubber products. During bonding, the surface of the vulcanized rubber is first prepared—through mechanical abrasion or chemical treatment—and then cleaned with a solvent. After drying, an adhesive is applied, and the unvulcanized rubber sheet is bonded by heating to achieve adhesion. The adhesive formulation must be tailored to the types and properties of both the vulcanized and unvulcanized rubbers being joined.

3. Adhesion between vulcanized rubbers
Bonding between vulcanized rubbers is considerably more challenging than bonding unvulcanized rubber, because the crosslinked polymer chains are much less able to diffuse and penetrate, significantly reducing the opportunities for interfacial molecular contact. Moreover, since the reactive functional groups on the polymer chains are diminished after vulcanization, the prospects for further chemical bonding at the interface are also reduced. In addition, certain components of the compound—such as plasticizers—tend to migrate to the surface and precipitate, which can impede effective molecular contact at the interface. All these factors hinder the formation of a well‑defined interfacial transition layer, thereby compromising adhesion. Prior to bonding, the surface of the vulcanized rubber must be mechanically abraded or chemically treated to ensure it is clean, fresh, and properly modified before applying an appropriate adhesive.

Why does rubber–metal bonding fail?

Development Goals for the Rubber Additives Industry during the 15th Five-Year Plan Period

Why does rubber–metal bonding fail?

Development Goals for the Rubber Additives Industry during the 15th Five-Year Plan Period

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